James g



Pate nte dApr. 28, 1896.

J. G. SMITH. TELEPHONE AND CALLING sYsTBNL.

(NoMqdeL) p U. {alum IZQQATTORNEY WITNESSES: jg iij sending a call from one station to another, in-

UNITED STATES PATENT mes JAMES'G. SMITH, OF hlEVV YORK, N. Y.

TELEPHONE AND CALLING SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 559,088, dated April 28, 1896.

Application at February 11,1596; seen no. 578,848. (No model.) I

county, and State of New-York, haveinvent ed certain new and useful Improvements in Telephone and Calling Systems, of which the following is a specification. I

My invention relates to that class of telephone and calling systems which comprise a plurality of stations, telephone instruments in said stations, a plurality of wires passing through said'stations, each wire being normally'apportioned to one station, means'for dicators or annunciators in each station connected with the line-wires normally belon -v ing to the other stations to indicate in a called station whichstation has sent a call, and meansin each station for connecting to-.

gether the. two main-line wires belongingto a calling and a called station, to form a closed metallic circuit through the telephone in-- In this class of systems, as known tome, the called substruments in said two stations.

scriber operates switches to connect his telephone instruments with the main-line wire, that is indicated by the an'nunciator to form a closed inetalliccircuit throughhis telephone instruments overthe line-wiresnormally' belonging to the calling and the called stations.

Theobjeet of my invention is'to so improve the abovesmention'ed systems as to cause the telephone instruments in :1. called station to.

a be automatically connected with the mainline wire belonging to the calling station upon the operation by the calling subscriber of circuit-closing devices in the called station.

A in rther object of theinvention is to cause a closed metallic circuit to be automatically formed through the telephone instruments in a called st: tion over the wires normally be'-.

longing to the callingand the called stations,

1 whereby the called subscriber is relievedfrom the necessity of operating switches to effect the objects above mentioned.

The invention consists in a telephone and calling system comprising a plurality of stations, a plurality of wires passing through said stations, each wire being normally afp-y portibned to ouestation, calling or signaling instruments in each station arranged to be calling-station over the. main wire belonging to a station to be called to give a callzin the latter station, telephone-instruments in each station, circuit-closers in each station connected with the main-line wires normally apportionedto the other stations, awire in each station connected with its telephone instruments adapted to lee-connected with the mainline wire belonging to another station upon the operationof the corresponding circuitcloser, and means in each station for operatmg the circnit-closer in another station to connect the inain-line wires of a calling and.

a called station throughthe telephone instruments in a called station;

The invention further consists in the novel details of improvement that will be more fully hereinafter set forth, and then pointed out in the claims.

drawing,'forming part hereof, which is a diagrammatic view of a telephone and calling system embodying my improvements.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying In the drawing,the numerals 1 2 3 indicate main-line wires which pass through a1l.tlie stations A B 0, one of such wires being nor- .mally apportioned toeach station, there beinglany desired or appropriate number a of such stations and wires on a system, said wires being open at the ends. In each station a contact 1' 2 3 is respectively connected with the line-wires 1 2 3 belonging to the other stations, there being no such contact in a sta tion connected'with its-main-line wire. I

have. shown spurs or branch wires 1 2 3" connecting said main wires with said contacts, respectively.

4 are switches in each station suitably carried and arranged to make electrical connection with either contact 1, 2, or 3, asthe case may be.v In each station a wire llleads from the corresponding main-line wire 1 2 3, that is normally apportioned to the station, and

said wire 11 leads to the secondary coil of an induction-coil 6, and then by wire 7 to a re- 'ceiver 5. From receiver 5a wire 7leadsto contacts 45, 45*, or 45', for the purpose hereinafter explained.

- 9 is a hook, switch, or lever, which is suitably pivoted, as at 10, 'and adapted to support the receiver 5, as shown. The switch 9/is I contacts 16 17,

may be, as shown.

The local circuit for each transmitter 12 maybe as follows: From the transmitter a conductor 13 passes to the primary coil 6 of the induction-coil and includes a battery 14.' From the coil 6 awire 15 passes to a contact 16. 17 is a' contact carried by and insulated from'the switch 9, normally out of engagement with contact 16 and adapted toengage therewith when thereceiver .5 is removed from the switch. The contact 17 is connected by a wire 18 with the transmitter 12. ,When the receiver is removed from the switch 9, the local circuit passes from the transmitter 12 through wire 13, battery 14, coil '6, wire 15,

and wire 18 back to the transmitter.

Means for giving a signal or call from one station to another are shown as follows: 19 is a signaling instrument or call-bell connected with a normally open local circuit which for convenience utilizes the battery 14,. and for this purpose a Wire 20 extends from one side of the magnet of the call-bell to the battery 14. 21 is a wire shown extending from the wire 13-.(or it may be from the battery direct) to an armature 22 of a magnet23. The armature 22 is adapted to engage a contact 24, connected bya wire 25 with the other side of the magnet'of the call-bell 19. This local circuit when closed leads from 24 through '25, 19, 14, 13, 21, and 22 back to 24. It is evident that instead of using the armature 22 as part of the circuit a contact could be carried or operated thereby for the purpose.

tin

The magnet 23 in each station is located on a wire 27 leading to ground, (as 26,) and this wire 27 is normally connected with the mainline wire. of its station as follows: The wire 27 passes to a contact 28,-which is normally in engagement with a spring-contact 29, which may be the movable contact of apush-button or circuit-closer 30. The contact 29 leads, by a wire 31, to a contact 32, normally in engagement with the switch 9 when the receiver 5 is supported thereby, as shown, and a wire 11 connects the switch 9 with the wire 11,

which serves to connect the wire 31, through the switch 9,'to the main-line wire of its sta- 'tion.. j

For covenience in utilizing the battery 14 one station to send an impulse to the mag- 23 in another station I provide thefollow- Jig arrangement: From ground (as 26) awire 21 leads to the wire21, and from the wire 20 a wire 33 leads to a contact 34, adapted to be engaged and moved by contact. 29; 35 is a contact adapted to be'engaged by contact 34, i (when the latter-is moved by contact 29) and thecontact 35 is connected by a wire 36 with switch 4. WVhen the push-button 30 is operated in one station, it will break the connection at 28 29 for the magnet 23 (in that station) and establish the circuit at 34 35 from its battery to the magnet 23 at the desired station. Thus to send a call from one station to another the switch 4 is turned to the contact 1, 2, or 3, connected with the main-line wire of the station desired, and the push-button in the callingstationis pressed.

Suppose station A is to call station 0. The switch 4 at A is first turned to contact 3 and the push-button or circuit-closer 30 at .A operated- The circuit will then be from 26 through wires 21*" 2113, battery 14, wires. 20 33, contacts-34 35, wire 36, switch 4, contact 3", and wire 3", to wire 3, (all at station A, thence along wire 3 to wire 11, (in station 0,

thence through wire 11 switch 9, contact 32,

wire 31, contacts 29 28, wire 27, and magnet 23 to ground, (at O.) The current from battery 14 (at A) now energizes magnet 23, (at 0,) which, by attracting the armature 22, closes the local circuit for the bell, (at 0,) whereupon a signal will be given by said bell at the desired station.

To enable a subscriber at a calling station the called station over the. main-line wires that are normally apportioned to the two opcrating-stations, and at the same time, when desired, to indicate at the called station the number of the calling station, I provide the -fo1lowin g arrangements, and in doing so I utilize the main-line wire normally belonging or' apportioned to the calling station to operate the devices in the called station for making the connection above mentioned, At each station the main-line wires. belonging to the otherstations are oonfi'eetedwith suitable circuit-closing'devices,which are adapted to connect said main-line: wires with the wire 7 in each station that leads to the corresponding telephone instruments. I For this purpose magnets 40, 41, and 42- are connected with the corresponding spur-wire 1 2? 3' of the mainline wires 1 2 3, respectively, and from said spur-wires 1 2 3 extend branch wires 43,

43, and 43", which lead to pivoted or m'ovable contacts 44, 44, and 44". These contacts 44 44 44" are adapted, when released by the magnets 40, 41, and 42, todrop and engage the contacts 45, 45*, and 45". The contacts 44, 44, and 44 are held in their normal position out of engagement with the corresponding contact 45 45 45 by means of armatures 47 4'7 47, which are adapted to be actuated by the corresponding magnet 40, 41, and 42,

" to release the corresponding contacts 44, 44",

and 44", to enable them to engage the contacts 45, 45, and 45, respectively. These magnets and armatures may be generally in the form of an indicator having a drop car- IIO .rying' a suitable number or signification to in i 1 From the spur-wires 1 2" 3 extend branch wires 4848 48*, which lead, respectively, to contacts 49, 49 and 49. The contacts 4.9,

- 49, and 49 are adapted to be engaged by a and wire 51 to the ground.

with awire 5l,which leads'to ground.

contact 50, carried by and insulated from the armatures 22, respectively, in "the stations. The contact 50 in each station is connected With this arrangement when an armature 22 is attracted by a magnet 23 in astation (as when a call is given -in a station) the circuit for the magnet 40, 41, 01042 will be partially established through the wires 1 2 .3 48 48* is and contacts 49, 49, and '49, respectively, and thence through the corresponding contact 50 Any suitable means may be provided in each station to send an impulse to another station over the wire belonging to the calling station to energize the magnet 40, 41, or 42 in the called station corresponding to the calling station. For convenience in simplifying the arrangements: of circuits, contacts, and pushbuttons, and to reduce the number of batteries to housed on the system, I utilize some of the circuits, as well ast-he batteries,

beforedescribed. For this purpose the contacts 29 and 34 are used to close the circuit in a station through the battery 14 in that 7 station to and through the main-line wire of jbutton 30 is pressed,) thence by wire 31and that station to the corresponding magnets 40,

41, and 42 in a called station. This circuit, tooperate the magnets 40, 41, and 42, may be organized. and traced as follows: From ground in thecallin g station (say A) to wires 21 and 21, battery 14, wires 20 and 33 to conk tact'34, thence to contact 29, (when'a push- I-contact 32 to switch 9, thence by wire 11 and 11 to wire 1 in the calling station A, thence along wire 1 to the calledstation, (say 0,)

thence by wire Pin the latter station, through magnet 40, thence through wire 48 to contact 49, thence by contact (when armature 22 has been attracted by magnet 23 in giving a call) andby wire 51 to ground in I the called station This circuit thus closed causes magnet 40 to attract armature 47, thereby-allow ing contact 44 to drop to make engagement with contact 45 in the called station, thereby connecting the main-line'wire of the calling station with the main-line wire belonging to the called station. I y l Itwill be apparent from what has been explained that the giving of a call and theopcrating of a contact 44, 44, or 44" in a called station will be practically together and accomplished by the operation of a single pushbutton or circuit-closer, for when the push- 34 35 315, 85c, will be g through38 2931, am, is closed to operate magnet 40, 41, or 42, (to connect the main-line wires of a calling and a called station through tery 14 has beendescribed as being used at one time, but if desired several or all of the batteries can be thrown on the line at once to increase the strength of the current being used. For this purpose I may utilize an extra open wire 52, passing through the stations and connectedwith the respective batteries 14 by wires 53, as shown, so that when the circuit is closed through anyone battery it will draw on all the others. r

The complete operation of the entire system may be explained asfollows: Suppose a party at station A desires tocommunicate with a party at station G. He first turns the switch 4 (at A) to the contac't 3 and then operates the push-button 30, whereupon contact 29 engages contact 35, at the same time breaking the circuit at 28 29. 'Thecircuit through the magnet 23 at station 1 (3 will be complete from ground 26 (at A) through magnet 42 (at A) and over the mainline 3 tog-round 26 (at C) and thus through its magnet 23, as before explained" Magnet 42 (at A) new releases contact 44, "which thereby connects the wire 1 and-the telephone instruments at A with the wire 3. Magnet 23 (at 0) now at- (whereupon the latter circuit will operateto give a call,) and the armature 22 alsocloses the circuits for the circuit closers, 4-4 44,&c.,

at '40 49 50. The current from the battery 14 will thereupon'divide and pass through (at G.) Magnet 40 thereupon attracts its armature and releases contact or drop, 44, which then makes engagement with contact 45,1116 circuit thus being established from wire 1, at station 0, through wire l 43 44 45 and wire 7, and thus tothe receiver 5 at the i called station, and thence by wire 11 to main wire 3, thence back to station A, through wire 43*, contacts 44* 45", wire 7, receiver 5, wire 7, coil 6, and wire 11 'to wire 1, thereby f0rm ingv a closed metallic circuit through the telephoneinstru ments in the two stations, 1 When.

they have finished talking, the attendants 4' can be left in any position.

hang their receivers 5 upontheir switches 9 and replace the previously-operated drops 44 and 44? to their normal position. The switch It is obvious that when two main-line wiresare being used any other'line-wires can be utilized without interfering with the first-mentioned wires.

It is evident also that the call-bell 19 can be located on the wire which .leads from magnet 23.110 ground.

From what has been described it will be seen that-the calling subscriber operates a call in the called station over the main-line wire normally apportioned-to the called station, and also that the calling subscriber operates devices in the called station over the main-line wire normally belonging to the calling station to connect said twowires together in the called station, so that the attendant in the called station,,'when he hears the call, merely has to raise his receiver from its switch, when he will find that he is in direct connection with the calling subscriber,

and by looking at the contact 44, when it is arranged as an annunciator-drop, he can readily see the number of the calling subscriber. It will furthermore be seen that a calling subscriber merely has to turn his switch to the contact corresponding to the desired station and to then press his button 30 to automatically establish a complete metallic circuitthrough the telephone instruments intwo stations over the main-line wires normally apportioned to said two stations.

It will be obvious that the particular-arrangement of contacts,'wires, batteries, &c.,

shown can be varied, while still producing the effects described, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having now described my invention, what Iclaim is-'' 1. In a telephone system having a plurality of stations, a, plurality of wires passing through said stations, each wire being normally. apportioned to one station, telephone instruments and calling devices in each station, and electrically-operating devices in each station, adapted to be operated from any other station on the system and arranged to conother stations, and arranged to be operated from any other station over the wire normally apportioned to the calling station to connect the last-mentioned wire with the main-line wire normally belonging to the called station,

through the telephone instruments in the circuit in the called station between the mainline wires that are normally apportioned to the calling and called stations. I

'3. Ina calling system having a p: urality of stations, a plurality of wires passing through said stations, each wire being normally apporti'oned to one station, calling devices, and

electrically-operating circuit closing devices in one station, and means in another station for operating the calling devices in one station over the wire belonging to the latter station and at the same time closing the circuit called station, to establish a closed metallic I f orsaid circuit-closing devices in the called station, and means in the callingstation to operate the corresponding circuit-closing devices in the calledstation over the wire belonging to the calling station to thereby con. nect the main-line wires normally apportioned to the calling and called stations.

4. In a telephone system having a plurality of stations, a plurality of wires passing through'said stations, each wire being normally apportioned .to one station, telephone instruments in each station, calling devices in each station, means in one station for giv- 7 ing a call in another station over the wire belonging to the latter station, and electricallyoperating devices in each station connected with the wires normallybelon gin g to the other stations, means in each station arranged to select the wire belongingto any other station and means to actuate, the corresponding electrically-operating devices in the calling station to connect the wires belonging to a calling and a called station through the telephone instruments in the calling station, and means to send a current over the wire belonging to the calling station to operate the circuit-closing devices in the called station corresponding to the calling station, to connect the wires belonging to the-calling and called stations through the telephone instruments in the called station, wherebya closed metallic cir-' cuit is formed through the wires normally apportioned'to a calling and a called station and through the telephone instruments in said stations.

5. In a telephone'and calling, system having a plurality of stations, a plurality of wires passing through said stations, each wire being normallyapportioned to one station, telephone instruments in each station, signaling or-calling instruments in each station, means connected with the wire belonging to a station for operating the calling instruments-in that station, circuit-closing devices in each station connected with the wires belonging to the other stations adapted to close the circuit .in a station through the telephone instruinents therein between the main-line wires normally belonging to a calling and a called station, a circuit-closer in each station -arranged so that at one operation an impulse will be sent over the main-line wire belonging to another station to operate the calling IIC r 25 to the other station,-

instrument in the latter station and to close .the circnit of the corresponding circuit-closing devices therein, and to send an impulse to the latter station over them'aifi-line wire svbclonging to the calling station to close the circuit in the called station between the main,-

line wires belonging to the cal ing and the called stations. r y

6. In a telephone and calling system hair- 10 inga plurality of stations, a plurality of wires passing throngh said'stations, each wire being normally pportioned to one station, signaling or callin instruments in each station,

normally open spur-circuits in each station 15 leading from the main-line wires normally belonging;to the other stations, means in each station adapted to be operated from another station for closing .thecircuit of said normally 7 -open spur-wires, magnets on said spur-wires,

2o telephone instruments-in saidstations con nected ith the main-line wires normally belonging to the corresponding station, awire v lineach' station leading from its telephone in'- struments andhaying contacts corresponding apportioned to-aealling and means in each station and electricallyfoperat- 589,088 r g e 5' ing devices ineach station adapted tobe operated by the magnets on said spur-circuits for closing the circuitlbetwee'n any one of the main line'fwires normally apportioned to any station and. the wireleading from the telephonetinstruments in a'called station, to establish a closedimetallic circuit in a station between the main-line wires thatare' normally and a called station,

adapted tooperate the calling instruments 7 in another station over the maineline wire belonging to the latter station and to thereupon close the circuit in i "the latter-station of the spur-wire connected with the callingstation, and to simultaneously operate the-circuit-closing devices in the called station over the main-line wire belonging tothe'calling station. e

Signedat New York city, New York, this 5th day of February, 1896. Q a

a y JAMES G SMITH Witnesses:

v T. F; Bon'nnn', L-.ADAMS.' 

